Go to the FILES > Directory Privacy

Choose the directory you want to protect and click on Edit

Check the box Password protect this directory

Assign a name to the protected directory and click on Save

Each time you protect a directory with a password, you must add a user who can access the protected directory.
On the same page, click on Go Back

In the Create a User section, enter the username authorized to access the protected directory, the password and click on Save.

Note: You can click on Password Generator to generate a password automatically.
You can also manage the users authorized to access the protected directory, delete them and change their password from your cPanel account > Directory privacy.